Defect-driven water migration in MgCl2 tetra- and hexahydrates

Migration-Driven Hierarchical Crystal Defect Aggregation - Symmetry and Scaling Analysis

Recently the hierarchical defect substructures were observed experimentally in several metals and alloys before and after fracture. The general models of crystal defect aggregation with appearance hierarchical defect substructures are proposed and considered in the wide range of scales. Their general group analysis is performed, and symmetries of the governing equations are identified. The mode...

simulation and experimental studies for prediction mineral scale formation in oil field during mixing of injection and formation water

abstract: mineral scaling in oil and gas production equipment is one of the most important problem that occurs while water injection and it has been recognized to be a major operational problem. the incompatibility between injected and formation waters may result in inorganic scale precipitation in the equipment and reservoir and then reduction of oil production rate and water injection rate. ...

Tetra-n-butylammonium bromide-water (1/38).

Tetra-n-butylammonium bromide forms the title semi-clathrate hydrate crystal, C16H36N+.Br-.38H2O, under atmospheric pressure. The cation and anion lie at sites with mm symmetry and seven water molecules lie at sites with m symmetry in space group Pmma. Br- anions construct a cage structure with the water molecules. Tetra-n-butylammonium cations are disordered and are located at the centre of fo...

Head-Driven Simulation of Water Supply Networks

Up to now most of the existing water supply network analyses have been based on demand-driven simulation models. These models assume that nodal outflows are fixed and are always available. However, this method of simulation neglects the pressure-dependent nature of demand that is characterized by changes in actual nodal outflows particularly during critical events like major mechanical or hydra...

The Chemistry of Ethylenediamine Tetra-acetic Acid in Sea Water